Coordinate Geometry

A coordinate plane is a grid formed by two number lines that intersect at their zero point, called the origin.

• The horizontal number line is called the x-axis.
• The vertical number line is called the y-axis.

The coordinates of a point are a pair of numbers, written as \((x, y)\), where:

• The x-coordinate indicates the horizontal position along the x-axis, with positive numbers to the right of the origin and negative numbers to the left.
• The y-coordinate indicates the vertical position along the y-axis, with positive numbers above the origin and negative numbers below.

Plot these points on a coordinate plane:$$A(-2,3), B(3,-1), \text{ and } C(-3,-2)$$

A table of points lists the coordinates of points in a coordinate plane. In such a table:

• The first row represents the x-coordinates.
• The second row represents the y-coordinates.

Each column pairs an x-coordinate with a y-coordinate to form a point, such as \((x, y)\).

\(\textcolor{colordef}{x}\)	\(\textcolor{colordef}{-2}\)	\(\textcolor{colordef}{1}\)	\(\textcolor{colordef}{2}\)
\(\textcolor{colorprop}{y}\)	\(\textcolor{colorprop}{-3}\)	\(\textcolor{colorprop}{3}\)	\(\textcolor{colorprop}{-1}\)

\(\rightarrow (\textcolor{colordef}{-2},\textcolor{colorprop}{-3}), (\textcolor{colordef}{1},\textcolor{colorprop}{3}), (\textcolor{colordef}{2},\textcolor{colorprop}{-1})\rightarrow \)